Chicory Herb

Chinese
菊苣
Pinyin
Ju Ju
Latin
Cichorii Herba
Botanical illustration of Chicory Herb, Cichorium intybus, showing whole habit, leaves, blue flower heads, seeds, and diagnostic plant details.
Botanical plate by Kodi .

Known in TCM as Ju Ju (菊苣), this bitter and salty, cool herb enters the Liver, Gallbladder, and Stomach. Traditionally, it clears Liver and Gallbladder damp-heat and relieves jaundice - Ju Ju is especially used when yellowing of the eyes or skin, bitter taste, dark urine, rib-side discomfort, and digestive oppression point to damp-heat obstructing bile flow, most often applied for jaundice, poor appetite, and edema. Modern research has identified Chicoric among its active constituents.

Part used: Whole herb

Also Known As

Cichorium

Latin: Cichorii Herba | Pinyin: Ju Ju | Chinese: 菊苣

TCM Properties

Taste
bitter, salty
Temperature
cool
Channels
Liver, Gallbladder, Stomach

Traditional Use

Primary Actions

  • Clears Liver and Gallbladder damp-heat and relieves jaundice - Ju Ju is especially used when yellowing of the eyes or skin, bitter taste, dark urine, rib-side discomfort, and digestive oppression point to damp-heat obstructing bile flow.
  • Strengthens the Stomach and improves appetite - despite its cooling nature, it is valued when poor appetite, epigastric fullness, nausea, or sluggish digestion arise from damp-heat rather than from pure cold deficiency.
  • Promotes urination and reduces edema - Ju Ju helps drain dampness downward when fluid retention, scanty urine, or puffy swelling accompany hepatobiliary or digestive heat patterns.
  • Clears heat and resolves toxicity - broader regional practice extends its use to inflammatory damp-heat disorders in which digestive, urinary, and liver-gallbladder symptoms overlap.

Secondary Actions

  • Ju Ju entered mainstream Chinese medicine through Uighur practice and remains more closely associated with hepatobiliary, damp-heat, and metabolic patterns than with the older Han-materia-medica core.
  • It is commonly paired with Yin Chen Hao and Zhi Zi when jaundice, bitter taste, hypochondriac fullness, poor appetite, and dark urine occur together.

Classic Formulas

  • Yin Chen Hao Tang modifications (茵陈蒿汤加菊苣) - used when damp-heat jaundice is accompanied by poor appetite, rib-side discomfort, or sluggish bile flow and the base formula needs stronger Liver-Gallbladder support.
  • Ju Ju with Yin Chen Hao and Zhi Zi (菊苣配茵陈栀子) - common modern Uighur-TCM pairing for jaundice, bitter taste, dark urine, and hypochondriac fullness from damp-heat.
  • Digestive damp-heat decoctions with Ju Ju and Shan Zha - regional usage for poor appetite, abdominal fullness, and Stomach discomfort when food stagnation overlaps with hepatobiliary damp-heat.

Classical References

  • Me and Qi describes Ju Ju as a cooling herb from Uighur medicine now included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, emphasizing Liver-Gallbladder damp-heat, jaundice, digestion, and urination.
  • The same source identifies the medicinal part as the whole aerial herb and frames its best use in jaundice, poor appetite, edema, and damp-heat digestive patterns.
  • SOURCE NOTE: older English databases sometimes place Ju Ju in digestive categories with different channel attributions, but current Chinese-medicine summaries consistently center its hepatobiliary damp-heat use.

Modern Research

Active Compounds

  • Chicoric acid (caffeoyltartaric polyphenol) - antioxidant and hepatometabolic constituent widely discussed in chicory pharmacology
  • Lactucin, lactucopicrin, and 8-deoxylactucin (sesquiterpene lactones) - bitter marker compounds linked to anti-inflammatory and antiparasitic activity
  • 11beta,13-dihydrolactucin and related sesquiterpene lactones - permeable chicory lactones with experimentally observed inflammatory-pathway effects
  • Inulin-type fructans - prebiotic storage carbohydrates that help explain chicory's digestive and metabolic research interest
  • Chlorogenic-acid-type phenolics - supportive antioxidant compounds relevant to liver and redox studies

Studied Effects

  • Hydroalcoholic Cichorium intybus extract reduced liver injury markers and oxidative-inflammatory stress in a rat model of obstructive cholestasis, supporting the old jaundice-clearing reputation of Ju Ju in a modern hepatobiliary context (PMID 32928706).
  • Experimental work on chicory sesquiterpene lactones found measurable intestinal permeability and anti-inflammatory signaling effects, with 11beta,13-dihydrolactucin showing notable NFAT-pathway modulation (PMID 33228214).
  • Bioassay-guided fractionation linked chicory's anthelmintic activity largely to sesquiterpene lactones, especially 8-deoxylactucin, offering a modern compound-level explanation for some traditional damp-heat and parasite-clearing uses (PMID 33618233).
  • A recent natural-products study identified new amino-acid-sesquiterpene-lactone conjugates from chicory roots and reported inhibition of NO, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and COX-2 signaling in macrophage models (PMID 40326224).

PubMed References

Safety & Interactions

Contraindications

  • Spleen and Stomach deficiency cold with loose stools or chronic diarrhea
  • Known allergy to chicory or other Asteraceae plants
  • Pure deficiency patterns without damp-heat, jaundice, or fluid retention

Cautions

  • Its cool bitter-salty nature can worsen cold digestion or cause loose stools if overused
  • Because chicory is also sold as a food and coffee substitute, medicinal dosing should still be pattern-specific rather than assumed universally gentle
  • MSK page not found - drug interaction data not available from Memorial Sloan Kettering integrative medicine database

Conditions

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Chicory Herb used for?

Chicory Herb is traditionally used to Clears Liver and Gallbladder damp-heat and relieves jaundice - Ju Ju is especially used when yellowing of the eyes or skin, bitter taste, dark urine, rib-side discomfort, and digestive oppression point to damp-heat obstructing bile flow., Strengthens the Stomach and improves appetite - despite its cooling nature, it is valued when poor appetite, epigastric fullness, nausea, or sluggish digestion arise from damp-heat rather than from pure cold deficiency., Promotes urination and reduces edema - Ju Ju helps drain dampness downward when fluid retention, scanty urine, or puffy swelling accompany hepatobiliary or digestive heat patterns., Clears heat and resolves toxicity - broader regional practice extends its use to inflammatory damp-heat disorders in which digestive, urinary, and liver-gallbladder symptoms overlap.. Research has investigated its effects on: Hydroalcoholic Cichorium intybus extract reduced liver injury markers and oxidative-inflammatory stress in a rat model of obstructive cholestasis, supporting the old jaundice-clearing reputation of Ju Ju in a modern hepatobiliary context (PMID 32928706).; Experimental work on chicory sesquiterpene lactones found measurable intestinal permeability and anti-inflammatory signaling effects, with 11beta,13-dihydrolactucin showing notable NFAT-pathway modulation (PMID 33228214)..

What are other names for Chicory Herb?

Chicory Herb is also known as Cichorium. In TCM: 菊苣 (Ju Ju); Cichorii Herba.

Is Chicory Herb safe during pregnancy?

The safety of Chicory Herb during pregnancy has not been established. Consult a qualified healthcare provider before use.

What are the contraindications for Chicory Herb?

Chicory Herb should not be used in: Spleen and Stomach deficiency cold with loose stools or chronic diarrhea; Known allergy to chicory or other Asteraceae plants; Pure deficiency patterns without damp-heat, jaundice, or fluid retention. Consult a qualified practitioner before use.